The Mind of Man in Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Essay -- Joseph

The Mind of Man in Heart of Darkness by Joseph ConradThe changes take place inside you know the doctor warns Marlow in Heart of Darkness (9). Joseph Conrad, the author of Heart of Darkness, uses the words of the doctor to warn the readers of the changes Marlow faces on his journey. This journey was a physical journey to the heart of the Congo River, just it was also a journey into the depths of his own mind. As Marlow encounters three stations along the Congo River, he encounters three stations or levels in his mind. These levels in the mind have labels from Freudian psychology-the Superego, the Ego, and the Id. Conrad develops the three physical stations as the psychological stations of the Superego, the Ego, and the Id. The first station Marlow encounters is the Outer shoes. This station represents the Superego, which is the division of the creative thinker that develops by the incorporation of the perceived moral standards of the community, is mainly unconscious, and includes t he conscience (American Heritage mental lexicon). The Superego is the part of the mind which contains the standards of morality set by society. The Superego is also the section of human race that is a front, or a false face. People use their front to reflect what they think society wants to see. Marlow describes seeing an accountant in the Outer Station who represents the Superego I saw a high starched collar, white cuffs, a light alpaca jacket, snowy trousers, a clear necktie, and varnished boots? in the great demoralization of the land he kept up his appearance Marlow tells his audience (15). The accountant represents society and the influences of society on the Outer Station?the Superego. The European society as a whole is dominant at this station, a... ...the extremely emotional and arduous pilgrimage to the center of their minds, it is always worth the journey. As shown in Heart of Darkness, in that respect are three stations along the trek to the heart of mans soul. As he reaches each station, man struggles with understanding and recognizing another level of the mind. When a individual chooses to make this journey, they must keep in mind that they might not like the truth they find in the end. Man cannot underestimate that truth, because it may be stronger than he may think. To understand the heart of the soul, man must look at every aspect, not just one element.BibliographyAmerican Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. 1975 ed. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New York Drover, 1990.McErlane, Kelly. Sigmund Freud and Heart of Darkness. http//open.dtcc.cc.nc.us/eng111/webzine/mcerlane.html

Extreme Advertising: Go Big or Go Home :: BTEC Business Marketing GCSE Coursework

Extreme Advertising Go Big or Go HomeThis Maxim climbing gear ad is an example of using both aggressive language and images to promote climbing as an constitutional sport.North Face uses this image in their web page. If you put up North Face gear, you too can take your ice axes and back-counrty skis into the Tibetan wilderness.Adidas uses this image in their trail running ads. The caption in the image reads Runners. Yeah, Were Different. It invites nation to relate to some of the more intimate details of a discriminate subculture.Intro Advertisements of outdoor gear tell us we live in an positive world today. No longer do we go out push-down stack biking or skiing, they tell us. We need to go big, risking our lives to promote an image of ourselves as atomic number 53 who can push the edge of the envelope by extreme mountain biking and extreme skiing. NorthFace, a high-end outdoor clothing company started this language in the mid-seventies in its advertising of ski apparel. No w, most every sport has gone extreme. To advertise this new image, companies have attempted to use a variety of techniques that separate themselves from the rest of the crowd. They include--Creating an Extreme Image to a Wide-Based Consumer Audience Boulder Gear and North Face.--Advertising to a Young, Aggressive Group Obsessed with Speed Manastash and an ad inside APEX Magazine--Creating an Insider Feeling of the Extreme...with a Dash of Playfulness Nike and Adidas Extremism as an image has come to include outdoor activities such as kayaking, skiing, climbing, mountain biking, windsurfing and a host of other mainstream outdoor activities. It has also brought about a variety of subcategories as well. Sky diving now has six new disciplines, including chuck surfing, free flying and free style-an aerial ballet. There s even an extreme version of the extreme sport of sky diving called BASE startle (BASE=Bridge, Aerial, Structure, Earth) in which participants jump from low-lying struct ures and open their chute with only seconds separating them between an extreme experience and death (Heath 1997 p4). Sports are not the only aspect of extreme though. The language has seeped into our everyday vocabulary to the point that we can not do anything without having the possibility of doing it extreme. Bill Gates speaks of extreme programming, and there s extreme golf in which participants play golf around unused summer ski resorts. Books of extreme adventure have been popularized by John Kraukers Into Thin Air.

The Beginning of Victory :: Example Personal Narratives

The Beginning of Victory As the medical specialty seeps through the air of the caliginous basement theater, my fingers begin to slide up the neck of my guitar. Instinct starts to take over. The notes flow through my veins, swim up the cables, and are flung into the sphere of energy that has make around the small theater. The spotlight falls onto the closed eyelids of the audience as their steps coincide with the rhythmic beat of the improvisation. My mind slips away from the scene. The freshly locomote snow clings to the limbs of the evergreen trees, forming a canopy over the path that winds its way up the mountainside behind my home. This is where I go when I need to think. As I hike up the narrow trail, I find solitude in nature. There are no houses to fill my view. There are no super-highways cutting through the middle of the path. Most of all, there are no people. A family of deer freezes to look at me in search of a daub where the snow has not covered the grass. Further up the trail I stop to watch as two black squirrels chase each some other up and around the skeleton of an aspen tree. Through a hole in the canopy the sun glistens off the snow and warms me. As I break by of the trees, I look up and see the sun perched alone in the sky with not one cloud to hide behind. The band begins to slow the music and the rambunctious dancing turns to hypnotic swaying. A calm, almost mesmerizing jazz progression takes form, and with a slower, more sensuous feeling my body takes command of my tool once more. I start to drift away again, but this time a different scene surfaces. I take my usual seat on the rock outcropping that overlooks all of Eastern Colorado and take a very deep breath. As I look upon the city, I see the top of the skyscrapers poking through the brown cloud of pollution. The entire valley is enveloped in this smog. To the South, where the clouds begin to dissipate, highways and houses flow over the land that animals and vegetation o nce inhabited. Urban sit down is replacing nature. Even from this point high above the city, the sounds of cars roaring along the highway are intertwined with the magpies call and blue-jays song.

Florence Nightingale :: Papers

Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in 1820. She came from an upper class family that saw her future getting married and raising children. Florence had very different viewpoint, she believed that paragon precious her to be a nurse. She fought the OPPOSITION from her parents and studied in Europe from 1849 and in Alexandria in 1850. By 1853, she was the Superintendent at the Institution for the Care of spew Gentlewomen and she was very interested in the training of nurses. In March 1854 the Crimean War broke out. Telegraphic COMMUNICATIONS were used by war correspondents to broadcast stories plump for home to encourage people to have opinions on the war and take interest. Many horror stories emerged about the Barrack Hospital in Scutari, where the British maimed were being treated. Sidney Herbert, the Secretary of War and a personal friend of the Nightingale family, made an appeal to Florence to sort out the nursing care in Scutari. con descension the OPPOSITION from the military, Florence took 38 handpicked nurses to work in the hospital. She employed many new standards privacy curtains, cleaning of sheets, food for patients and she even hired 200 builders to rebuild a ward block. In six months she had managed to reduce the death rate in the hospital from 42% to 2%. After two successful years in the Crimea, Florence returned to Britain with a mission. She appealed to the Queen, sent an 800 page report to the government and wrote a book, Notes on Nursing which explained all her methods. This became the standard textbook for generations. By 1860, it was a best vender Florence had raised 44,000 and she used this money to set up the Nightingale School of Nursing, in St. Thomass Hospital, London. Discipline, order and attention to detail were prime factors in her teaching. She also wanted nurses to remain single so that they wouldnt have divided loyalties. She had turned down many offers of marriage. Of the 38 nurses she had taken to the Crimea, 24 were nuns, this was partly due to the fact that at that place was

United Nations Security Council Is Unsuccessful in Keeping Peace Essay

United Nations security measure Council Is Unsuccessful in Keeping Peace The threat of a nuclear fall upon on the USA has become a common topic after terrorist attacks on September 11. A lot of people have been talking much or less a missile defense system for the US. With the kinds of terrorist attacks being executed today, who knows what will come next. Some people worry that next time it will be a nuke knocking on Uncle Sams door instead of a few misguided Al-Queda pilots flying bombs. Did you know that there actually is a vindication agency out there whos task is to keep peace in the world? It is hard to tell because they are not successful very ofdecade, and more times than not they come to the US for aid, instead of providing it. This agency is called the United Nations Security Council, and it isnt doing its job. The United Nations was founded on the twenty-fourth of October, 1945 by 51 countries that were tired of warfare and wanted peace. The UN has four major purposes to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to promote human rights and remedy international problems, and to be a center for nations to negotiate. At the UN, all Member States of every size, class, and political viewpoint have a say. Five of the main components of the United Nations including the Security Council are found at UN headquarters in New York. There are 15 Council members of which the five permanent members are China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States. The Security Council is primarily responsible for keeping peace. The council convenes at any time that peace is threatened. The council always tries to correct problems peacefully before it takes militant measures. It sends... ...Require the five permanent and ten temporary members of the Security Council to provide a set amount of military personnel and equipment. Be prepared to back up negotiations with force, and quickly. Use more machination to take the support of the people away from those like Usama Bin Laden. If a nation will not be reasonable in negotiating peace with those it conflicts with, thus move such an enormous amount of military forces into the area that military action would be suicide for them. Use funding more sparingly and to forgather in extreme cases, impose light sanctions on a member nation that does not pay its dues. Extreme changes within the organization will be the only way the UN Security Council will survive the twenty-first century. An Able peacekeeping department would be a great asset to this century exactly there is a lot of work to do in order for this to happen.

Essay --

The crude evoke was retrieved by homogenizing the bovine muscle tissue. The total enzyme in the muscle tissue can be illustrated through the total action present in the crude extract, which was 5500 200 units. Next the 40% ammonium sulfate step was performed. Ammonium sulfate was slowly added to a beaker that contained the crude extract until a 40% saturation level was reached. After centrifugation the pellet (which contained low soluble proteins and other cellular debris) was discarded and the supernatant was kept. The total protein was 124 6 mg and the proper(postnominal) activity was 4500 300 units. This resulted in a specific activity of 36 4 units/mg. The yield was calculated to be 82 9% and the civilisation factor was 1.4 0.3. There was not much of an increase in the purity, but there was a decrease in the total protein and the specific activity as compared to the crude extract which suggests that that unwanted protein was remote during this purification step. Perfo rming the 60% ammonium sulfate step further purified the 40% supernatant. The ammonium sulfate and was added to the 40% supernatant until a 60% saturation level was reached. This was then centrifuged, but this time the pellet was kept while the supernatant (which contained material such as nucleic acids and sugars) was discarded. The total protein recovered was 56.4 0.4 mg and the total activity was 4140 50 units. This produced a specific activity of 73 1 units/mg. The yield was calculated to be 76 4% and the purification factor was 2.8 0.3. Each of these steps was consistent with the trends present in the theoretical values data because the purity increased. This indicates that the unwanted material was removed so that the 60% pellet can be us... ...olecular weight). By using the protein concentration and enzyme concentration of E10 and E11 the specific activity values can be calculated. The specific activity of E10 is 497.68 units/mg and E11 is 516.6 units/mg. The m form is assumed to have a lower binding affinity (lower Km) so this would elute out first indeed we can conclude that the m form is present in the E10 fraction and the h form is present in the E11 fraction. The isozymes are assumed to have the equal molecular weight but varying charge strength. With this information an ion supercede column can be performed in order to help separate the isozymes. For an anion exchange column the beads would be positive. By making one of the isozymes more negative it would bind to the beads while the other isozyme would elute out. A colloidal gel column can then be performed to confirm the presence of different isozymes.

Common Study Habits Among Students in the Tertiary Level

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM THE SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY shoot for OF THE STUDY CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK explore HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH QUESTION REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 3 5 METHOD 6RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH DESIGN PARTICIPANTS RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS RESULT 7 10 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES TABLES ANALYSIS 12 13 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS DISCUSSION 14 FINDINGSCONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION- 14 REFERENCES 15 COMMON STUDY HABITS AMONG STUDENTS IN THE TERTIARY INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A research on the knowledge usages among students i n the ordinal level, the essay investigated the common study habits among students in the tertiary level using school like St. Nicolas College as a case study.Thirty (30) students were given a questionnaire from contrary department and year level in the area. The instrument utilized for the study was a questionnaire named Common Study Habits among Students in the Tertiary Level. What are study habits? Study habits are the ways that you study the habits that you have formed during your school years. Study habits can be good ones, or bad ones. Good study habits include being organized, keeping good notes, reading your textbook, listening in class, and working every day.Bad study habits include skipping class, not doing your work, watching TV or playing video games instead of studying, and losing your work, the manner with which you consistently use to study for school or college. Some of the students missed the effective study habits. In this problem, the detective wishes to imp rove and enhanced their learning and to reach their highest potential in significant improvements on test scores and the highest level of success in the classroom or on the job.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The problem is centre mainly on the common study habits among student in the tertiary level. THE SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY The problem is focused mainly on the common study habits among student in the tertiary level are significant in various ways. It is believed that findings of this research will in spades be useful to the teachers understanding the capacity, strength and weaknesses of the student and also to influence them in better study habits.OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY This study was based on the sideline objectives to describe the study habits of the students in St. Nicolas College, to suggest measures to improve the study habits of the students. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to find out the common study habit among students in the tertiary level. This study al so intends to reveal or find out what, if any, relationship exists between habit and effective study habits of students in the tertiary level.

Banks in the Philippines

- List of banks in the Filipinos From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ThePhilippineshas a omnibus(prenominal) banking system encompassing various types of banks, from large planetary banksto smallrural banksand evennon-banks. As at 31 March 2011, there atomic number 18 19 universal banks, 19commercial banks, 73 miserliness banks, 595 rural banks, 40credit unionsand 15 non-banks with quasi-banking functions, all licensed with theBangko Sentral ng Pilipinas(Central camber of the Philippines) under res publica ActNo. 791, also known as the General coin banking Act of 2000, share roughly the same powers. - - Powers of a universal bank A universal bank has the same powers as a commercial bank with the following sumal powers the powers of an castment houseas provided in existing laws and the power to invest in non-allied enterprises. List of local universal banks Government-owned * Al-Amanah Islamic Investment coast of the Philippines * Development banking company of the Philippin es Land commit of the Philippines editPrivate-owned 1. Banco de Oro Universal coin bank 2. metropolitan believe and Trust Company 3. desire of the Philippine Islands 4. Philippine National brink 5. Rizal Commercial fixing Corporation 6. Union situate of the Philippines 7. China positing Corporation 8. Citibank 9. East West argot 10. Philippine savings cuss 11. Philtrust blaspheme(Philippine Trust Company) 12. Security deposit 13. United Coconut Planters jargon 14. Allied assert Corporation - editPowers of a commercial bankIn addition to having the powers of a thrift bank, a commercial bank has the power to call for drafts and issueletters of credit discount and negotiatepromissory notes, drafts,bills of exchange, and opposite evidences ofdebt accept or create demand deposits receive other types of deposits and deposit substitutes buy and sell foreign exchange andgoldorsilverbullion accomplish marketablebondsand other debt securities and extend credit. editList of loca l commercial banks * Asia United coin bank * shore of Commerce * BDO Private rim(subsidiary of Banco de Oro) * Philippine believe of Communications Philippine Veterans till * Robinsons jargon Corporation editList of foreign banks with commercial banking trading operations editBranches * Australia and New Zealand bank buildinging Group * Bangkok trust * entrust of America, N. A. * till of China * Chinatrust Commercial banking concern * Citibank, N. A. * Deutsche affirm AG * Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation * ING Group * JPMorgan Chase * Korea Exchange Bank * Mega International Commercial Bank * Mizuho Corporate Bank * Standard chartered Bank * The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. - editThrift banks editPowers of a thrift bankA thrift bank has the power to accept savings and time deposits, act as a correspondent with other financial institutions and as a collection agent for government entities, issue mortgages, engage in real estate transactions and extend cre dit. In addition, thrift banks may also maintain checking accounts, act as a depository for government entities and local government units and engage in quasi-banking and money market operations subject to the approval of the Bangko Sentral. As per the banker Amit Malhotra, the performance of thrift banks are underrated. editList of local thrift banks editGovernment-owned * Philippine Postal nest egg Bank editPrivately owned * Accord nest egg Bank * Allied nest egg Bank(subsidiary of Allied Bank) * Anchor nest egg Bank * Area Development Bank * Asiatrust Development Bank * Bank of Calape * Bank of Cebu * BankOne nest egg and Trust Corporation * Bankwise * Bataan Development Bank * Bataan Savings and Loan Bank * bpi Direct Savings Bank(subsidiary of Bank of the Philippine Islands) * BPI Family Savings Bank(subsidiary of Bank of the Philippine Islands) * Business and Consumers Bank * Century Savings Bank * Chinabank Savings(formerly Manila Bank subsidiary of Chinabank) * city S avings Bank * citystate Savings Bank Cordillera Savings and Loan Bank * Dumaguete metropolis Development Bank * Dungganon Bank * EIB Savings Bank(subsidiary of Export and Industry Bank) * Equicom Savings Bank * Express Savings Bank * remotemers Savings and Loan Bank * First Consolidated Bank * GSIS Family Bank(subsidiary of theGovernment Service Insurance System) * Hiyas Bank * Iloilo city Development Bank * Inter-Asia Development Bank * ISLA Bank * Kauswagan Bank * Legazpi Savings Bank, Inc. * Lemery Savings and Loan Bank * Liberty Savings and Loan connexion * Life Savings Bank * Luzon Development Bank * Malasiqui advancing Savings and Loan Bank Malayan Bank * Metro Cebu Public Savings Bank * Micro Enterprise Bank * Microfinance Maximum Savings Bank, Inc. (MAXBANK) * Northpoint Development Bank * Opportunity Microfinance Bank * Optimum Development Bank * Pacific Ace Savings Bank * Palawan Development Bank * Pampanga Development Bank * Penafrancia Savings and Loan necktie * Ph ilam Savings Bank(subsidiary ofPhilam Life) * Philippine Business Bank * Philippine Savings Bank(Metrobank Group) * Planters Development Bank * Premiere Development Bank(to be acquired by Security Bank) * Progress Savings and Loan Association * Queen City Development Bank Quezon Coconut Producers Savings and Loan Bank * RCBC Savings Bank (subsidiary of Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation) * Robinsons Savings Bank(subsidiary ofJG Summit Holdings) * Sampaguita Savings and Loan Association * San Pablo City Development Bank * Sandigan Savings Bank * Silangan Savings and Loan Bank * Sterling Bank of Asia * The Real Bank * Tower Development Bank * UCPB Savings Bank(subsidiary of United Coconut Planters Bank) * University Savings and Loan Bank * Village Savings and Loan Association * Vizcaya Savings and Loan Association * riches Development Bank * Winbank * World Partners Bank editList of foreign banks with thrift banking operations * Citibank(through Citibank Savings) * HSBC(through HSB C Savings Bank) * United Overseas Bank - edit accommodative and rural banks campestral and cooperative banks are the more popular type of banks in the rural communities. Their role is to promote and expand the rural economy in an orderly and effective manner by providing the people in the rural communities with basic financial services. rustic and cooperative banks help farmers through the stages of production, from buying seedlings to marketing of their produce. countryfied banks and cooperative banks are differentiated from separately other by ownership. While rural banks are privately owned and managed, cooperative banks are organized/owned by cooperatives or federation of cooperatives. A rural bank has the power to provide adequate credit facilities to farmers and merchants or to cooperatives of such farmers and merchants and, in general, to the people of the rural communities of which the rural bank operates in. editList of cooperative banks * Agusan del Norte accommodative Bank * Bataan joint Bank * Banco Cooperativa de Zamboanga * Camiguin reconciling Bank * Capiz Settlers concerted Bank Cooperative Bank of Agusan del Sur * Cooperative Bank of Aklan * Cooperative Bank of Aurora * Cooperative Bank of Benguet * Cooperative Bank of Bohol * Cooperative Bank of Bukidnon * Cooperative Bank of Bulacan * Cooperative Bank of Cagayan * Cooperative Bank of Camarines Norte * Cooperative Bank of Camarines Sur * Cooperative Bank of Cavite * Cooperative Bank of Cebu * Cooperative Bank of Davao del Sur * Cooperative Bank of Ilocos Norte * Cooperative Bank of Iloilo * Cooperative Bank of La Union * Cooperative Bank of Lanao del Norte * Cooperative Bank of Misamis Oriental * Cooperative Bank of Mountain Province Cooperative Bank of Negros Oriental * Cooperative Bank of Cotabato * Cooperative Bank of Nueva Ecija * Cooperative Bank of Palawan * Cooperative Bank of Pampanga * Cooperative Bank of Quezon Province * Cooperative Bank of Surigao del Sur * Cooperative Bank of Tarlac * Cooperative Bank of Zambales * Cooperative Bank of Zamboanga del Norte * Cooperative Bank of Zamboanga del Sur * Countryside Cooperative Bank of Batangas * First Isabela Cooperative Bank * Ilocos Sur Cooperative Bank * Leyte Cooperative Bank * Metro South Cooperative Bank * National Teachers and Employees Cooperative Bank * Occidental Mindoro Cooperative Bank Samahang Nayon Cooperative Bank of Nueva Vizcaya * Sorsogon tyke Cooperative Bank * Southern Leyte Cooperative Bank editList of rural banks editAgusan del Norte * Green Bank editAgusan del Sur * Peoples Bank of Caraga, Inc. editAklan * countryfied Bank of Altavas * countryfied Bank of Balete * hoidenish Bank of Banga (Aklan) * hoidenish Bank of Makato * unsophisticated Bank of New Washington * countrified Bank of Malinao Microsavers Bank editAlbay * Camalig Bank * Cagsawa country-style Bank * Ibalon outlandish Bank * hobnailed Bank of Guinobatan editBataan * Balanga uncouth Bank * Orani plain Bank * ar tless Bank of Abucay * outlandish Bank of Bagac editBatangas 5 Speed inelegant Bank * Balayan Bay cracker-barrel Bank * Banco Batangan * Banco ng Masa * Bangko Kabayan * Batangas inelegant Bank for Cooperatives * Bolbok outlandish Bank * Calaca unpolished Bank * Classic unpolished Bank * Dynamic Bank * Empire coarse Bank * Excel rural Bank * Farmers hobnailed Bank * First Coconut country-style Bank * Limcoma unsophisticated Bank * Lipa Bank * Lipa Public Bank * Lobo sylvan Bank * Malarayat rustic Bank * Mount Makiling Rural Bank * New Rural Bank of Agoncillo * President Jose P. Laurel Rural Bank * Progressive Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Alitagtag * Rural Bank of Padre Garcia * Sto Rosario Rural BAnk * Womens Rural Bank, Inc. editBohol First Consolidated Bank editBiliran * Rural Bank of Naval, Inc. editBenguet * Benguet Center Bank * Diamond Rural Bank * Highland Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Baguio editBukidnon * Malaybalay Rural Bank * Asian Hills Bank editBulacan * Agrico m Rural Bank * Apex Rural Bank * Baliuag Rural Bank * Banco Rural de General Tinio * Bangko Luzon * Bangko Rural ng Kalumpit * Rural Bank of San Pascual inc. * Delmont Bank(Rural bank ofSan Jose del four-card monte City) * East Coast Rural Bank of Hagonoy * Emerald Rural Bank * Fil-Agro Rural Bank * Gateway Rural Bank * Meyacauayan Second Rural Bank, Inc. * La Consolacion Rural Bank Rural Bank of Angat * Rural Bank of Dona Remedios Trinidad * Silahis Bank * Rural Bank of Bustos * Rural Bank of Pandi editCagayan * Providence Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Gattaran * Claveria Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Sanchez Mira editCamarines Sur * Bangko Rural ng Magarao * Bangko Rural ng Pasacao * First Naga Rural Bank * G-7 Bank * Municipal Rural Bank of Libmanan * Municipal Rural Bank of Nabua * Penafrancia Rural Bank of Calabanga * Rural Bank of Sipocot * Rural Bank of Pamplona * Rural Bank of Minalabac * Rural Bank of San Fernando * Rural Bank of Cabusao * Rural Bank of San Jose * Rural Bank of P ili * Rural Bank of Milaor Rural Bank of Ragay * Rural Bank of Iriga editCamiguin * Mambajao fellowship Rural Bank * Philippine Intercity Rural Bank editCapiz * Farmers Bank of Capiz * President Roxas Rural Bank, Inc. * Rural Bank of Mambusao, Inc. * Rural Bank of Panay, Inc. * Rural Bank of Dao, Inc. * Rural Bank of Pilar, Inc. * Rural Bank of Pilar, Inc. , Roxas City Branch * Rural Bank of Ivisan, Inc. * Rural Bank of Cuartero, Inc. * Rural Bank of Jamindan, Inc. * Rural Bank of Sapian, Inc. editCavite * Advance Rural Bank * Bangko Mabuhay * Capitol City Rural Bank of Trece Martires * Cavite Rural Banking Corporation * Cebuana Lhuillier Rural Bank Central Equity Rural Bank * fellowship Bank * First Reliance Bank * GMA Rural Bank of Cavite * Imus Rural Bank * Masuerte Rural Bank of Bacoor * Rural Bank of Amadeo * Rural Bank of Magallanes * Rural Bank of Maragondon * Unlad Rural Bank of Noveleta, Inc. editCebu * verge Rural Bank * Aspac Rural Bank * Banco Maximo * Banco of East A sia * Banco Rural de Isla Cordova * Cardinal Rural Bank * Coastal Bank * participation Rural Bank of Catmon * Community Rural Bank of Medellin * First Agro Industrial Rural Bank * Frontier Rural Bank * Lapu Lapu Rural Bank * Mactan Rural Bank * Philippine Countryside Rural Bank * Pilipino Rural Bank Plaza Rural Bank * Upland Rural Bank editCompostela Valley * Rural Bank, Inc. * currency Mall Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Montevista(Davao), Inc * Rural Bank of Compostela(Davao), Inc * Rural Bank of Mawab editDavao del Norte * First Tagum Rural Bank, Inc. * Century Rural Bank editDavao del Sur * First Tagum Rural Bank, Inc. * Community Rural Bank of Magsaysay * One Network Bank * Rural Bank of Digos, Inc. editDavao Oriental * First Tagum Rural Bank, Inc. * Rural Bank of Baganga editIfugao * Lagawe Highlands Rural Bank editIlocos Norte * Banco Dingras * Ilocandia Community Bank * Cooperative Bank of Ilocos Norte San Nicolas Cooperative Bank of Ilocos Norte-Laoag City * Cooperative Bank of Ilocos Norte-Batac City editIlocos Sur * Cordillera Bank * Vigan Banco Rural Incorporada * Rural Bank of Tagudin, Inc * Rural Bank of Cabugao, Inc. * Rural Bank of Sta. Maria, Inc * Sadiri Rural Bank, Inc. * Rural Bank of Magsingal, Inc. * Ilocos Sur Cooperative Bank editIloilo * Rural Bank of Guimbal (Iloilo) * Racsos Bank * Bangko Buena Consolidated * Rural Bank of Santa Barbara (Iloilo) * Community Rural Bank of San Joaquin * Farmers Trader Rural Bank * First Midland Rural Bank * Janiuay Rural Bank * LifeBank * Progressive Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Alimodian Rural Bank of Anilao * Rural Bank of Badiangan * Rural Bank of Leganes * Rural Bank of Oton editIsabela * Banco Agricola * Golden Rural Bank of the Philippines * Mallig Plains Rural Bank * Philippine Rural Banking Corporation * Rural Bank of Alicia * Rural Bank of Angadanan * Rural Bank of Benito Soliven * Providence Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Magsaysay, Isa. Inc. * Rural Bank of Cauayan, Inc. edit laguna * Rural Bank of Bay,Inc. * Binan Rural Bank * Card Rural Bank * De La O Rural Bank * Entrepreneur Rural Bank * First United Farmers Bank * Key Rural Bank * Ormon Bank * PlanBank Rural Bank of Canlubang Planters Provident Rural Bank of Santa Cruz * Rural Bank of Alaminos * Laguna Prestige Banking Corporation * Rural Bank of Lumban * Rural Bank of Mabitac, Inc. * Rural Bank of Nagcarlan * Rural Bank of Paete * Rural Bank of Pagsanjan * Rural Bank of Calauan * Rural Bank of Calamba * Malarayat Bank * Rural Bank Of Magdalena (Laguna) * CARD Bank editLanao del Sur * Bagong Bangko Rural ng Malabang * Maranao Rural Bank editLeyte * First Interstate Bank * Rural Bank of Dulag * Rural Bank of Hindang * Rural Bank of Hilongos * Rural Bank of Bato * Rural Bank of Burauen * Rural Bank of Ormoc * Rural Bank of Naval, Carigara Branch editSouthern Leyte * Rural Bank of Maasin * Rural Bank of Malitbog * Rural Bank of Padre Burgos * Rural Bank of Hinundayan * Rural Bank of San Juan editMaguindanao * New Settlers Ba nk editMetro Manila * AMA Bank * Baclaran Rural Bank * Banco de Jesus Rural Bank * Banco San Juan * Bangko Pasig * BMS Rural Bank * Builders Rural Bank * Country Rural Bank of Taguig * Enterprise Capital Rural Bank * Filipino Savers Bank * Finman Rural Bank * First Country Rural Bank * First Macro Bank * Insular Rural Bank * MVSM Bank (A Rural Bank Since 1953) * Rodriguez Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Alabang * Bank of Makati * Tambunting Bank editMisamis Occidental * Community Rural Bank of Clarin * First Community Cooperative Bank of Misamis Occidental * Panguil Bay Rural Bank of Ozamiz * Rural Bank of Bonifacio * Rural Bank of Tudela * Bank of Misamis. The merging of Rural Bank of Tudela, Mis. Occ. and Rural Bank of Kolambogan, Lanao del Nort * Rural Bank of Plaridel editMisamis Oriental * Bangko Rural ng Tagoloan * Community Rural Bank of Naawan * Philippine Farmers Bank * Rural Bank of Talisayan * first Valley Bank editMountain Province * Rural Bank of Sagada editNegros Occidental * Rural Bank of Marayo * Community Rural Bank of Magallon First Community Bank * First State Rural Bank * Nation Bank * New Rural Bank of Binalbagan, Inc. * New Rural Bank of Victorias * Rural Bank of Bacolod City editNegros Oriental * Central Visayas Rural Bank * Dumaguete Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Amlan * Rural Bank of Ayungon * Rural Bank of Bacong * Rural Bank of Guihulngan * Rural Bank of Valencia * Rural Bank of Manjuyod * Rural Bank of Larena * Rural Bank of Basay * Rural Bank of Pamplona * Rural Bank of Santa Catalina * SG Bank editNueva Ecija * Aliaga Farmers Rural Bank * Banco Rural de General Tinio * Bangko Luzon Inc. * Cabanatuan City Rural Bank * Citizens Rural Bank Cooperative Bank of Nueva Ecija * Cuyapo Rural Bank * FARM Bank * GM Bank Inc. * Kabalikat Rural Bank * Masagana Rural Bank * Merchant Rural Bank of Talavera * Millennium Bank * New Rural Bank of Guimba * New Rural Bank of San Leonardo * Producers Rural Bank of San Jose City * Rural Bank of Laur * Rural Ba nk of Lupao * Rural Bank of Quezon * Rural Bank of Makati * Rural Bank of Sto. Domingo * Small & Medium Enterprise Bank * Towncall Rural Bank * Westmont Bank editNueva Vizcaya * Agri Business Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Aritao * Rural Bank of Solano * Cooperative Bank of Nueva Vizcaya editOriental Mindoro Oriental Tamaraw Rural Bank of Naujan * Rural Bank of Baco * Rural Bank of Gloria * Rural Bank of Bansud * Rural Bank of Pinamalayan * Rural Bank of Pola * Rural Bank of Naujan * Rural Bank of Victoria * Rural Bank of Socorro * Rural Bank of Bongabong editPampanga * Rural Bank of Porac * Banco Nuestra Senora del Pilar * Bank of Florida * Bangko San Lus (2nd Rural Bank of San Luis) * Crown Bank * Delta Civic Bank * Guagua Rural Bank * Guagua Savers Bank * Rural Bank of Angeles * Rural Bank of Apalit * Rural Bank of San Luis * Unity Bank editPangasinan * Banco Rural de San Antonio * Bangko Pangasinan * Bani Rural Bank BHF Rural Bank * Corfarm Rural Bank of Umingan * CSF Rural Bank of Bayambang * Gulf Bank * Kaluyagan Rural Bank * Kaunlaran Rural Bank * Pangasinan Bank * Peoples Rural Bank of Binmaley * Rural Bank of Agno * Rural Bank of Alaminos * Rural Bank of Anda * Rural Bank of Dasol * Rural Bank of Bautista * Rural Bank of Mangaldan editQuezon * St. Jude Cooperative Bank * Quezon Capital Rural Bank * Grand-Agri Rural Bank * Mega Rural Bank * Polillo Island Rural Bank * Quezon Capital Rural Bank * Quezon Traders Rural Bank of Candelaria * Rural Bank of Alabat * Rural Bank of Atimonan * Rural Bank of Candelaria * Rural Bank of Dolores Rural Bank of Lucban * Rural Bank of Mauban * Rural Bank of Sariaya * Rural Bank of Tagkawayan * Tiaong Rural Bank editRizal * Binangonan Rural Bank * Eastern Rizal Rural Bank * Filidian Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Cardona * Growers Rural Bank * Tanay Rural Bank * Rizal Rural Bank (Taytay), Inc. * Rural Bank of Angono * Rural Bank of Antipolo * Rural Bank of Cainta * Rural Bank of Montalban * Rural Bank of Pililla editRomblon * C ommunity Rural Bank of Romblon editSarangani * Rural Bank of DAR Beneficiaries Cooperative * Rural Bank of Alabel * Sarangani Rural Bank, Inc. editSouth Cotabato * Peninsula Rural Bank Peoples Rural Bank * Partner Rural Bank, Surallah, So. Cot. * Rural Bank of Norala (Norala, So. Cot. ), Inc. editSouthern Leyte * Community Rural Bank of Maasin editSultan Kudarat * Partner Rural Bank, Tacurong City editSurigao del Sur * Bangko Carrascal * Enterprise Bankwww. ebi. ph * Cantilan Bank, Inc. editSurigao del Norte * Surigaonon Rural Banking Corporation * Evergreen Rural Bank,Inc. * Siargao Bank * Rural Bank of Placer editTarlac * Bangko Santo Nino * Camiling Rural Bank * First Provincial Bank * Rural Bank of Tarlac * Rural Bank of Victoria * Rural Bank of Pura * Rural Bank of La Paz * St. Michael Rural Bank editZambales * Community Rural Bank of San Felipe * Countryside Rural Bank of Palauig * Maharlika Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Cabangan * Zambank * Unity Bank * Rural Bank of Candelaria Zambales, Inc. * Rural Bank of San Narcisco, Inc. * Rural Bank of San Marcelino, Inc. editZamboanga del Norte * Rural Bank of Labason * Community Rural Bank of Dapitan City * Rural Bank of Roxas * Katipunan Rural Bank * Rizal Rural Bank * Rural Bank of Dipolog City * Rural Bank of Siocon * Rural Bank of Liloy editZamboanga del Sur * Rural Bank of Pagadian City * Rural Bank of Salug Valley editZamboanga Sibugay * Rural Bank of Kabasalan Inc. editZamboanga City * Rural Bank of Siocon Inc. * Rural Bank of Zamboanga * Banco Cooperativa de Zamboanga - editDefunct or merged banks * CitytrustSavings Bank (acquired by Bank of the Philippine Islands) * Acme Savings Bank(Acquired by the Sy Group of Companies and RenamedBanco De Oro) * Far East Bank and Trust Company(acquired by Bank of the Philippine Islands) * Peoples Bank and Trust Company(acquired by Bank of the Philippine Islands) * SolidBank Corporation (acquired by Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co) * G7 Bank * Insular Savings Bank(acquire d by Citibank) International Exchange Bank(acquired by Union Bank of the Philippines) * Insular Bank of Asia and America (Merged withPhilippine Commercial International Bank) * Monte de Piedad Savings Bank(acquired by Keppel Bank) * Mindanao Development Bank(Merged withEquitable Banking Corporation) * Ecology Bank(Merged withEquitable Banking Corporation) * Keppel Bank(acquired byGE Capital Finance) * Philippine Commercial International Bank(merged with Equitable Bank formingEquitable PCI Bankand now merged withBanco De Oro) * PCIBank Savings (bought by the HSBC Group and renamed HSBC Savings Bank. * DBS Bank Philippines Ltd. (acquired by BPI) * Equitable Banking Corporation(merged with PCI Bank formingEquitable PCI Bankand now merged withBanco De Oro) * Prudential Bank(acquired by Bank of the Philippine Islands) * urban Bank(forced to close then merged with Export and Industry Bank) * Equitable PCI Bank(merged with Banco de Oro) * Export and Industry Bank * American Express Bank(Re named BDO selected Savings Bank) * Equitable Savings Bank(merged with BDO) * Banco Santander Central Hispano (Philippine subsidiary acquired byBanco De Oroand renamed BDO Private Bank) * Dao Heng Bank(acquired by Banco e Oro) * 1st E Bank(Philippine Branches acquired by Banco de Oro) * United Overseas Bank(66 out of 67 Branches merged withBanco De Oro * BDO Elite Savings Bank (merged with BDO along with Equitable Savings, Equitable PCI and PCI Capital Corp) * GE Money Bank(acquired by Banco de Oro) * Green Bank of Caraga(Acquired by East West Bank) * LBC Development Bank * Traders Royal Bank (Acquired by Bank of Commerce) * Capitol Bank (acquired by RCBC, now named as RCBC Savings Bank) * Asianbank (acquired by Metrobank)

HND Business Human resource management Essay

Personnel vigilancePersonnel wariness is essenti aloney an administrative record-keeping function, at the ground level. Personnel Management professionally humanages employees activities for case-by-case de farewellments for shell in Bhs you provide view a personal manger for customer gains. It is assumed that the out(a)comes from providing verticalice and achieving efficiency in the steering of forcefulness activities will result ultimately in achieving brassal success. benignant option Development human beings resource management is concerned with the Training, furtherance development and executing of heap strategies, which are in corporald with calling strategies, and guarantees that the culture, values and structure of the organization, and the quality, incentives and commitment of its members contribute across-the-boardy to the achievement of its goals. charitable Resources Management is pore with carrying such(prenominal) task as, job analysis, recruitme nt and selection, employee relations, cognitive operation management, employee appraisals, compensation management, training and development. But, the compassionate Resources method performs these functions in distinct way, when compared with Personnel management. Personnel management is close(predicate) the continuance of personnel and administrative systems, Human Resources Management is about the anticipation of organizational needs, the continual monitoring and adjustment of personnel systems to decorous current and forthcoming requirements, and the management of diversify.Differences between Personnel management and Human Resources managementPersonnel management is more turn over forces focused, aimed mainly at the organizations employees such as, system for them to be paid, and releaseing managements actions etc. W hereas, Human Resources management ismore resource centered, Personnel Management is fundamentally an operable function, concerned principally with carry ing out the day to day people management activities. While on the other hand, Human Resources Management is strategic in nature, that is, creation concerned with directly assisting an organization to gain competitive advantage. HRM is a more strategic and proactive form whereas personnel management is a reactive.Human Resources Management has been considered as the strategic and analytic approach to the management of an organizations most valued.The personnel management has functions which are conventional and systematic whereas HRM deals with innovative ideas and are committed to enforcing better blood line conditions. Personnel management has evolved from being an independent function of the club to human recourses management which is an integral part of the comp both.20 Points of Difference between Personnel Management & HRDDimensionPersonnel ManagementHuman Resource DevelopmentBeliefs & Assumptions1.ContractCareful delineation of indite contractsAim to go beyond contracts2. RulesImportance of create by mental act clear rulesCan-do outlook impatience with rule3.Guide to management ActionProceduresBusiness need4.Behaviour Referentcustom & practice set/Mission5.Managerial Task vis--vis LabourMonitoringNurturing6.ConflictInstitutionalizedDe-emphasizedSTRATEGIC ASPECTS7.Key RelationsLabour ManagementCustomer8.Corporate visualizeMarginal toCentral to9.Speed of DecisionSlowFastLINE MANAGEMENT10.Management RoleTransactionalTransformational leadership11.Key ManagersPersonnel/IR Specialists popular/ phone line/line managers12.CommunicationIndirectDirect13.StandardisationHigh (e.g. parity an issue)Low (e.g. parity non seen as relevant)14.Prized management skillsNegotiationFacilitation accept up LEVERS15.SelectionSeparate, marginal taskIntegrated, key task16.PayJob Evaluation (fixed grades)Performance re modernd17.Labour ManagementCollective bargaining contractsTowards private contracts18.Job categories & gradesManyFew19.CommunicationRestricted flowIncrease d flow20.Job DesignDivision of LabourTeamworkAC1.2The Role of Human Resource Management in OrganizationsManagers in the Human Resources profession rescue the essential job of organizing people so that they target effectively perform their job description. Human resources professionals work together to develop employees skills. For example, HR professionals advise managers and supervisors how to assign employees to different roles in the organization, thereby helping the organization adapt successfully to its environment. In a flexible organization, employees are shifted around to different business functions based on business priorities and employee preferences. Human resources professionals also suggest strategies for increasing employee commitment to the organization. This begins with using the recruiting suffice or matching employees with the ripe positions according to their qualifications. Human resources management aggroup helps a business develop a competitive advantage, which involves building the ability of the company so it can offer a unique set of goods or services to its customers. They can do this by hiring the right individuals but its not just about hiring talent it is about keeping people and helping them grow and stay committed over the long term.The Human resources team has to make out needs of the employees regarding public liveness goals and work upon them to make the employees feel important and motivated by providing them with training related to their field of interest. If the employee does not feel their skills are being utilized fully towards performing their duties they will start to underperform due to lack of motivation. Human resources duties also concern understanding and defining the overall objectives of the organization, its delegacy as well as vision. It does not only include the present organization requirements but also forecasting the emerging needs and reservation strategies for carry through with(predicate)i ng them. Human resources team is also responsible for ensuring the availability fortraining the employees. Human resources management team understand that if the employees are comelyly trained and developed, it can prove to be the best investment made by the company which will definitely furnish quality returns in future. Human resources team is responsible for selecting the best workforce from the prospective employees by using the recruitment options like, Personal interviews and group interviews Trial etc.Human resources team is responsible for ensuring employee health and safety by imperishable to the employee health and safety regulations and managing grievances and ensuring provisions benefits to keep employees motivated. Human resources team keep a record of the employee profiles and database so that it can be readily available at the time of recruitment and staffing and also ensuring its confidentiality.AC1.3The role of line managers in HR ResourceThe Line managers are mana gers to whom individual or teams of employees directly report to and who have state to a higher level of management for those employees or teams. Line Managers are authorized to direct the work of subordinates and are responsible for accomplishing the organizations tasks. Typically the management responsibilities carried out by line managers might include Employee managementManaging operational costsProviding adept expertiseOrganisation of work apportionment and rotasMonitoring work surgical operationesChecking qualityDealing with customers/clientsMeasuring operational functioning.Line managers also carry out activities that such as providing coaching and guidance, undertaking execution of instrument appraisals and relations with discipline and grievances. Line Managers are responsible for ensuring that any staffexperiencing performance difficulties are managed appropriately and working with the employee to identify mea undisputables that could be used to rectify performance . Ensuring the staff member has a full understanding of the consequences of not improving, Setting realistic and measurable standards of performance and an action plan incorporating targets, standards, deadlines. Line managers manage operational functions that are crucial for the companys survival.Line Manager Responsibility1. Ensuring that any staff experiencing performance difficulties are managed appropriately2. Ensuring the staff member has a full understanding of the consequences of not improving3. Placing the right employee on the right job4. Starting freshly employees in the organization5. Training employees for jobs that are new to them6. Improving the job performance of separately person1.4Impact of the legal and regulatory framework on HRMBritish legislations have employment laws, affecting topics such as employee criminal record checks, preventing offenders from working in certain professions these legislations are supposed to protect vulnerable people like children or stop unwonted people from obtaining the job.National minimum wage Act was brought into force to ensure that employees are getting a fair wage in relation to their work. remuneration and Hourly rates The national minimum wage establishes the amount of the minimum wage an employee receives per hour. Human resources managers should continuously verify the accuracy of the amount paid to employees melt down Relations Act 1976 Prevents discrimination because of race in employment. The impact this has in the workplace is a Varity of different cultural backgrounds in the work place and this can have a really validatory effect if managed effectivelyAnti-discrimination Sex Discrimination Act 1975 Protects men and women from discrimination because of put forward in the workplace, this legislation is about equal opportunities in the work place across the sexes men and women in the workplace should be treated equally.Disability Discrimination Act 1995 Prevents discrimination against people be cause of disabilities in employment. The impact this Act will have in the workplace would be there would be a few more disabled individuals in the workplace which will benefit the economy.Equal Pay Act (1970) Aspect of the Sex Discrimination LawGives the right for men and women to be paid the equivalent rate of pay, for the same, or equivalent, work Gives individuals the right to the same pay and benefits as a person of the opposite sex in the same employment where the man and woman are doing1. Same grade work2. Work rated as equivalent under a job evaluation study3. Work that is proved to be of equal valueDeveloping policiesHuman resources develop policies to make sure that managers and employees are aware of how these legal restrictions and how to deal with capability violationsAC 4.1thither are many causes for termination. Employee termination also can be automatic, when an employee decides to leave a company for some reason. Reasons can include unacceptable performance or a s a result of a change in business conditions for example a recession.Termination with just causeIn law, termination with just cause means that an action or error by the employee has irreparably damaged the employment relationship between theemployer and the employee. Usually, termination with cause occurs when an employee is dismissed for a serious reason related to the employees conduct. at that place are seven main Examples of misconduct.1. Theft and dishonesty2. Violence3. Drug and alcohol abuse4. buck of confidence5. Insubordination6. Absenteeism7. Misconduct outside of the workplaceSome common grounds used in termination with cause are1. Fraudulence larceny or fraud by the employee that is serious enough to authorise dismissal from government. 2. Noncompliance an employee frequently breaks organizational policies and discipline has not resulted in a change in demeanor 3. Incompetence an employee is incompetent at their job and performance has not improved even though t he employee has been given the direction, foundations, training and time unavoidable to improve.Incompetent Job PerformanceEmployees contracts may get cut because the person is unable to perform some or all of the necessary aspects of the job. forwards dismissal the employer, should point out their deficiencies during a performance evaluation and provide counselling to help her improve. If they show little or no improvement, consider woful them to a more suitable position, if possible.When employees are hired to work for a company, they are given a job description that outlines the duties theyre expected to fulfill. When employees go through short in achieving their goals, managers are faced with deciding whether or not an employees performance warrants his termination. Poor performance can include everything from not contact target sales goals and overlooking project details to not missing deadlines. Employees may also be terminated because they lack the knowledge and skills n eeded to fulfill assigned tasks.Business ConditionsUnfavourable business conditions may force you to lay off employees for economic reasons as opposed to poor performance. The layoff may be permanent, or the employee may be called back to work if business conditions improveMerger/BuyoutA merger or a buy-out usually requires changes at bottom the Companys structure, which might affect employment. Although the employer is not legally required to do so, some employers offer a severance package to employees terminated under these circumstances.Layoffs if there is a lack of work, or the company is undergoing financial problems the company might lay off employees. The employer must ensure the layoff is fair and legal. Employers must give employees advance follow of closings and mass layoffs. This gives the employees and their families time to adjust to loss of employment and to seek alternative support.Unacceptable Behaviours / for causeYou may need to fire an employee due to unacceptab le behaviour actions can include stealing company property, or verbally or physically threatening another employee. The employee may also display a conventionality of disrespectful or insubordinate behaviour directed toward you or your supervisors that results in a disruption of your work environment.AbsenteeismAn employee who misses work frequently or is habitually late negatively affects your businesss productivity and can place an unfair burden on your other workers. Chronic absenteeism could be a sign that the employee is dealing with job dis triumph.Voluntary redundancyIn a voluntary termination, an employee hands in their notice from their job. Reasons for resignations have that included a new job, returning to full time education, and retirement. If a contract isnt renewedThis is considered to be a dismissal, and if the employee has 2 years service the employer needs to show that theres a reasonable reason for not renewing the contract Workers have the right not to be unfair ly dismissed after two years ignition when your employer ends your employment they dont always have to give you notice. If youre dismissed, your employer must show they have a valid reason that they can justify and also that they have acted reasonably in the circumstances They must also be consistent not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do funfair and unfair dismissalA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on the reason for it and how the employer acted during the dismissal impact.Constructive dismissalThis is when an employee resigns because youve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events. An employee could claim constructive dismissal if youcut their wages without agreementunlawfully demote themallow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated againstWrongful dismissalThis is where you break the terms of an employees contract in the dismissal overhaul up, eg dismissing someone wit hout bighearted them proper notice.AC 4.2 describe the employment provide procedures used by two organisations The exit procedures of ASDAStep One, Resignation handed to personnel managerStep dickens Personal manager informs human resources department.Step lead Employee has to return the companies possession of equipment and supplies.Human Resources team is responsible for initiating and following throughwith the exit process. If the resignation is voluntary HRM invites employee to attend an exit Interview to gather breeding and improve quality of work life at the organization. The secondary reason is to provide closure to the separating employee The exit interview Primary Purpose is to gather information to improve employee relations practices Spot developing trendsIdentify areas of weaknessIdentify areas of strengthExit interviews are also used to understand, and try to identify patterns in, reasons for resignation they are conducted face -to-face, by telephone, or as a survey . Focus is on reasons for leaving, reflections on the positive and negative aspects of the organization, level of satisfaction with various aspects of the organization.Processing a Resignation NHS West MidlandsStep one The Line Manager gives notice to the Human Resources department upon receipt of a resignation.Step two the Line Manager recognizes resignation in writing and forwards the letter of resignation to the Human Resources department.Step Three Line Manager forwards confirmation of employees last working day and details of any other relevant information to the Human Resources department. The Human Resources department prepares a Termination Form on the basis of the information provided by the Line Manager and ensures it is forwarded to the Payroll department in time to meet the monthly deadlineStep Four the Human Resources Department writes to the employee offering them An exit Interview and enclosing an exit Interview Questionnaire for them to Complete in preparation for th e interview. The Human Resources Department forwards the Line Manager a confirmation of Service Proforma to screw and return. The completed proforma will be retained on the employees personnel file and will provide the basis for any employment references given by the BoardInterview is conducted by an appropriate member of the Human Resources team. in all information collected remains confidential and is stored in line with the Data Protection Act 1998.4.3AC 2.1 analyse the reasons for human resource proviso in organisationsHuman Resource (HR) readying is the practice of determining and analyzing the requirement for and supply of workforce in order to achieve the organizations goals and objectives, fulfill its commissioning and reach its vision (Mathis & Jackson, 2000).Human resource department know that planning is of paramount of importance to achieving an organizations objective. This part of my assignment will discuss the importance of HR planning and the six steps of HR pla nning which consist of1. Forecasting2. inventory audited account,3. HR Resource fancy4. Implementation of Plan5. Monitoring6. Control.HR Planning involves gathering information, making objectives, and making decisions to enable the organization achieve its objectives types of questions HRM may consider1. How many staff does the Organization have?2. What type of employees as far as skills and abilities does the Company have?3. How should the Organization best utilize the available resources?4. How can the Company keep its employees?The most important reason why HR Planning should be managed and implemented is the costs involved. Because costs forms an important part of any Organizations budget. Whenever there are staff shortages, the organization should be in a position to utilize the skills of employees available more readily.HRM planning determines future employment needs by analyzing current business conditions and current trends within the business, for example over the Christma s period most big high street retailers will employ more short term staff because the demand for goods over the Christmas period. Identifying these trends and planning for them will let the business be in a more positive position to be conducting business. HRP is also concerned with employee turnover within the business as management needs the right employees at the right place to make a profit and benefit the organization.(2.2) Steps in HR PlanningForecastingHR Planning requires that we gather data on the Organizational goals objectives. One should understand where the Organization wants to go and how it wants to get to that point. The needs of the employees are derived from the corporate objectives of the Organization. They stern from shorter and medium term objectives Therefore, the HR Plan should have a mechanism to express planned Company strategies into planned results and budgets so that these can be converted in terms of numbers and skills required.InventoryAfter knowing wha t human resources are required in the Organization, the next step is to take sway of the current employees in the Organization. The HR inventory should not only relate to data concerning numbers, ages, but also an analysis of individuals and skills. Skills inventory provides valid information on professional and technical skills and other qualifications provided in the firm. It reveals what skills are immediately available when compared to the forecasted HR requirements.AuditHR inventory calls for collection of data the HR audit requires systematic examination and analysis of this data. The Audit looks at what had occurred in the past and at present in terms of labor turn over, age and sex groupings, training costs and absence. Based on this information, one can then be able to predict what will happen to HR in the future in the Organization.HR resource planHere we look at career Planning and HR plans. People are the greatest asserts in any Organization. The Organization is at libe rty to develop its staff at full pace in the way ideally suited to their individual capacities. The main reason is that the Organizations objectives should be aligned as near as possible, or matched, in order to give optimum scope for the developing latent of its employees. Therefore, career planning may also be referred to as HR Planning or succession planning.The questions that should concern us area) Are we making use of the available talent we have in the Organization?b) Are employees satisfied with our care of their growth in terms of advancing their career? Actioning of PlanThere are three fundamentals necessary for this first step.1) Know where you are going.2) There must be acceptance and backing from top management for the planning.3) There must be knowledge of the available resourcesMonitoring and Control.This is the last stage of HR planning in the Organization. Once the programme has been accepted and implementation launched, it has to be controlled. HR department has t o make a follow up to see what is happening in terms of the available resources. The idea is to make sure that we make use of all the available talents that are at our disposal failure of which we continue tostruggle to get to the top.2.3 Recruitment and selection process.Recruitment is the process of approximating the available vacancies and making suitable arrangements for their selection and appointment. Recruitment is understood as the process of searching for and obtaining applicants for the jobs, from among whom the right people can be selected. The result is a few eligible applicants from which new employees are selected The difference between recruitment and selectionRecruitment is identifying and encouraging potential employees to apply for a job. And Selection is selecting the right candidate from the collection of applicants. Goals of selection are to select a candidate that will be successful in performing the tasks and meeting the responsibilities of the position.Select ion processSelection process involves a number of steps. The basic ideais to solicit maximum possible information about thecandidates to ascertain their suitability for employment1). application of ApplicationsProspective employees have to fill in some sort of application forms. These forms have information about the applicants like their achievements, experience.2) Selection TestsSelection tests to know more about the candidates or to reject the candidates who cannot be called for interview.4) Interview The basic idea here is to find out overall suitability of candidates for the jobs. It also provides opportunity to give relevant information about the organization to the candidates5) Approval by appropriate AuthoritySuitable candidates are recommended for selection by the selection committee or personnel department. running(a) heads concerned may be approving authority. When the approval is received, the candidates are informed about their selection and asked to report for duty to specified persons.6) PlacementAfter all the formalities are completed, the candidates are placed on their jobs initially on probation period may range from three months to two years. During this period, they are observed keenly, and when they complete this period successfully, they become the permanent employees of the organization.Recruitment and selection process at TataHaving received the applications, the next step is to evaluate applicants experience and qualifications and make a selection. Screening innovation is to evaluate the application and eliminate applicants whose profiles do not match the job requirements, Short-listing of CVs received from various sources are screened by the HR function within a week of commencement of sourcing activity.Knowledge and aptitude test is conducted for all trainees and laterals recruits. The result of test will be criteria for short listing /screening candidates for the purpose of interview. Psychometric Test is done to find out the CRI SP fit.While hiring at Tata, they look for the following attributes C Customer FocusR yield OrientationI Initiative and SpeedS Self ConfidenceP Passion for achievementInterviewThis is powerful technique used to measure out the capabilities/skills of the candidate and to understand the softer aspects that a difficult to measure from resumes. After finalizing a date and time, short-listed candidates are invited for an interviewSelection Process and interviews for Tata motor carsDuration of written/online tests and interviews1) Aptitude Test0-30 MinutesAptitude Test2) Technical Test30-60 MinutesTechnical Written3) Psychometric Test4) Group Discussion5) HR Interview0-30 MinutesHR Interview6) Technical Interview0-30 MinutesTechnical InterviewTechnical subjects to study for written test Theory of Machines, simple machine engineering, Fluid Dynamics and Machinery. The Psychometric test questions the test the way you handle situations under different circumstances. Recruitment at A sdaPhase one Applications are registered through Asdas online recruitment system, Asdas HR team then shortlist appropriate candidates for interview or an assessment shopping centre. Two documents are vital here a job description and a personal specification. These inform applicants and help managers select the candidates that best match the requirements for the position.Step two attend the assessment centre known as either Asda Reality this provides an opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their strengths which align to Asdas culture, beliefs and way of working. Step three interviewonce selected, the final part of the recruitment process involves providing appropriate training. At Asda, each new colleague is put into a specific training plan designed for their role. (2.4)The first variant of recruitment at Asda is automated you can upload your curriculum vitae and edit your personal details on line, this way it makes it simper for the recruiters to narrow down the employees th ey would like. Asdas online recruitment process has improved the speed and efficiency of recruitment, making applications easier for candidates and selection faster for management. On the second phase is really about meeting your potential employer and selling your skills and experience to see if you could fit in with the organisations overall vision.The recruitment and selection at Tata is far more complicated than that at Asda this is because of the more extremely skilled aspects of the work. Phase one is based on receiving applications for the vacant position. Phase two evaluate applicants experience and qualifications and make a selection. Screening purpose is to evaluate the application and eliminate applicants, whose profiles do not match the job requirements, Phase three are tests to test the competence of potential employees theses test consist of technical and written aspects Phase four is the Human resources interview and phase five is the technical interview.L03Appraisal s and rewards system at Tata Motors are based on key results area. There are reviews at regular intervals, promotions are based on performance, and productivity and rewards comes in the form of profit linked incentives schemes. Positive appraisals can affect your career pathway with fast track options for high performers and interviews for positions in a higher place managers positions. Tata motor company employees have appraisals twice a year whereby employees get feedback which gives them a chance to look at their approach of working, The necessary steps are also undertaken for employees who deviate from their goalsTata motors have introduced a comprehensive system of quarterly appraisals whereby each employee selects their own key results areas or goals and every quarter they have the chance to go back and asses their own performance against the parameters. For many front line employees these performance related quarterly payouts designed to reward them with incentives for their performance. Tata Motors have midterm reviews for all employees that have had positive appraisals creating an expectation of a salary rise twice a year if they perform well. At Tata employees and supervisors can set up joint participations goals this method often leads to employee commitment along with smart goals Specific precise and dilateMeasurable with criteria for determing progress and success Achievable attainableRealistic RelevantTime related Grounded in a time frameThis system is ordinarily known as 90 degree appraisal system. Performance rating Process at Tata MotorsExceptional contributorSignificant contributorPerforms consistently and substancly above all exceptions in all areas Performs exceptionally well in all areas.Achieves a final score of greater than or equal to 115%Achieves final score between 100-114%Consistently delivers on stretch targetsVersatile in their areaProactiveLittle or no supervisionSpots and anticipates problems, implements solutionsSets exa mples for othersSees and exploits opportunities. affiance ownership of own developmentDelivers ahead of timeCoaches otherSees wider impact across businessDemonstrates business initiativeFocuses on whats good for the businessSelf motivatedHerzberg motivation theoryFrederick Herzberg in 1966 came up with a theory that job motivators were closely connected to job And the motivators appeared to explicate motivated behavior whereas hygiene factors produced dissatisfaction From the way Tata motors conducts its appraisals and gives incentives I can see they firmly believe in some key points Herzberg mentioned in 1966 regarding Achievement, lore, advancement and growth, giving employees with good appraisal reports promotions and pay rises will motivate employees and lead to extreme job satisfaction Factors leading to extreme dissatisfactionHygiene FactorsFactors leading to extreme satisfactionMotivatorsCompany-policy & administrationAchievementSupervisionRecognitionRelationship with super visorWork itselfWork conditionsResponsibilitySalaryAdvancementRelationship with peersGrowthPersonal lifeRelationship with subordinatesStatusSecurityAsda used 360 degree feedbacks for appraisal in this process employees are assessed based personal and professional skill sets, customer service and multitasking skills to see if they can perform multiple tasks under pressure. For slightly senior employees they consider coaching skills to be an essential part of leadership skills. In this process they judge how a person can train the subordinates. Apart from that it also judges the counseling skills of the people that help them in guiding the subordinates in expanding responsibility and capacity and delegate work according to their individual potential. Asda has redesigned 360 degree program to develop the employee performance through the process like Individual bonus, programThe individual bonus factor is used to promote the best employee from their performance. This process aims the or ganisational objectives through the employee performance. As the Result of this process, the employee survey conducted in ASDA that shows the individual bonus process will be a great success through the high level of employee commitments and improvements through the self-motivation.In 1911 the engineer Frederick Taylor published one of the earliest motivational theories. agree to Taylors research, people worked purely for money this approach of paying workers by results was good for the business. The outcome was greater production but gave little opportunity, encouragement or time for employees to think for themselves or be creative in what they did. This limited peoples development and their use within the companyPeer recognitionPeer recognition is the modern performance appraisal process also includes in the 360 degree process. This process is to award and acknowledge an individual for their outstanding performance in the company. This would be could be more non-financial factors based which can motivate employees to improve their output. One such factor may be the desire to serve people others may be to improve personal skills or achieve promotion. Employeesare more motivated if they feel content in their work. This often happens when their employer creates a good working environment where employees feel valued, generally through increased communication and being asked for their opinions. Employee motivation is also likely to be higher if the organisation invests in its staff through training and development. In turn this enhances their knowledge, skills and their sense of job satisfaction. Positive and negative reinforcement plays a vital role in motivation in the work place in the form of 1. Praise for good work2. Encouragement3. Constructive criticismThe organisations leader should always sink the organisations culture, values and beliefs to the group members. Performance feed backTeam leaders should constantly provide feedback to members on 1. How the y are doing in their task and in the team2. How results are progressing in comparison to plans and standards set out for them Feed back is essential both for motivational and for learning and development to adjust performance and bring it back in line where necessary to the original plan. The manager should motivate his or her team, both individually and collectively so that a productive work place is maintained and developed and at the same time employees derive satisfaction from their jobs. .ReferencesPhillip, Harris. Managing the Knowledge Culture. Human Resource Development Press, March 2005.Johnston, John. Time to retrace Human Resources. Business Quarterly. Winter 1996.Mathis, Robert L., and John H. Jackson. Human Resource Management. Thomson South-Western, 2005Ulrich, Dave. Delivering Results A New Mandate for HR Professionals. HarvardBusiness School Press, 1998.Gary, Dessler. Human resource management, eleventh Edition 2005Subba, rao. Essentials of HR Management and Industr ial Relations, Fourth Edition 2007

Being a true disciple of Jesus Essay

A03. It is not possible to be a true disciple of Jesus in the modern world Do you go? saviorianity is a worldwide religion and this leads us to believe that it is possible to be a true disciple in the modern world. Modern Christians believe that they ar called to follow the modeling Jesus set. They spend time discovering the teachings of Jesus from the bible and trying to put those teachings into practice. (Michael Keene).There are many examples of modern sidereal twenty-four hour period Christians. Priests, Nuns and missionaries are examples of the great unwashed who devote their whole lives to beau ideal. Oscar Romero was an archbishop in El Salvador where the government has constantly violated human rights. There are also many battalion living in poverty. Oscar spoke out about the government in sermons. In 1980 he was gunned down by four masked men. His last voice communication were May Christs sacrifice give us the courage to offer our own bodies for justice and peace. I believe that Romero is an example of soulfulness who followed Jesus example and was a true disciple.Many religious people take vows of poverty so that God is placed first above everything and that they do not get distracted by money. The Rich Man didnt take this vow. It is much harder for a rich person to enter the kingdom of God than for a camel to go through the eye of a needle. (1025).Maximilian Kolbe was a polish Catholic priest who was arrested and taken to Auschwitz, one of the Nazi death camps, in 1941. aft(prenominal) three weeks of dehydration and starvation, only four of the ten men were still alive, including Kolbe. During the time in the cell, he led the men in songs and petitioner. One day the guards picked out a man to be tortured to death but Kolbe said take me instead. The cells were needed, and Kolbe and the other three were executed with an injection of carbolic virulent in the left arm. His heroism echoed through the camp and in 1982 he was made a saint. He on ce said, My aim in life is to divine service others. He sacrificed his life for another and put God at the centre of his life. This makes his out to be a true disciple.Corrymeela is a peace group on the Antrim coast in Northern Ireland. The community is made up of Protestants and Roman Catholics. They live together, work together and worship together. It is a place where people thunder mug meet to discuss their differences in an atmosphere of mutual respect and trust. I think the people involved with Corrymeela are good modern day disciples.However, in that location are many challenges that make being a modern day disciple operose. War, hatred and violence make it very hard to love our neighbor and forgive. The event of the world trade centre collapsing due to a terrorist attack on September 11th is an example of a difficult time to forgive. 2992 people were killed due to this attack.We live in a consumerist society were the emphasis on wealth is great. This can lead to injustice s and selfishness. It distracts Christians from living a Christian life and makes it difficult for them to be true disciples.Years ago there wasnt any trading on a Sunday leaving more time for prayer and worship. Nowadays most shops are open from 1pm to 6pm this leaves little time for the people who work to pray and worship. It has an impact on our Christian lifestyle.Modern moral challenges such as abortion are unchristian. Many women have this procedure done to remove a foetus from their womb. People see this as a imprint of murder and that it is immoral.I believe it to be possible to be a true disciple of Jesus in the modern world, although it is very difficult as there are many obstacles in the way. Christians today still see it as being their duty to spread the Good News of Jesus Christ to others. This may be by doing missionary work or more simply by living out the Christian life and being an example for others.

Prejudice and Stereotyping in Society Essay

Stereotyping is a form of prejudice and is also the root of racism and discrimination. A stereotype usually applies to a whole conclave of mountain who do something in a trustworthy way. To them, it seems natural, simply to some people its weird. Often, a light upon is given to the group, and to every(prenominal) individual. For mannikin, nerd is the stereotype material body for someone who is usually a computer whizz and cant play sport very well. This however isnt always true, because many people argon computer whizzes and also good at sports.But, if you saw someone who you didnt know come to school with disks and computer stuff, you would probably say, hes a nerd, or shes a nerd. The problem with that is that you are making a judgement of their personality without actually knowing what they are like. Another real-life example is towards blonde haired people, women in vocalismicular. One journalist went for a weekend with blonde hair, rather than her usual brunette arom a, and noticed that no-one took her ideas seriously. Thats what stereotypes are all about.When confederation has an exaggerated idea about a group of people, when you see someone who seems to fit the description you judge them as that stereotype. Some stereotypes are called labels, because its literally like a label stuck to you. Theres no harm in making that point, but labels can also be a name for an individual. For example, if someone was known as Lazy- Bones, it means that they dont always do their part of the job, let the team down, and anything else that can be connected with world lazy.That person now has two choices one is to actually live out their label and turn into a big lazy person, or they can maintain rearward and prove that they arent lazy. Most stereotypes focus on the bad things about someones personality, or not necessarily bad, but more than like an area that theyre not strong in. If someone gets labelled for something they cant do, it could have bad psychol ogical effects on them. This is a way of bullying.Another way that stereotyping can have a bullying effect is when there is a social stereotype of how men or women, boys or girls are supposed to behave, and one individual doesnt fit the stereotype, people treat them like a weirdo. No-one really has to behave in a certain way and we are much too complex to be neatly shelved under a few stupid labels, as if there are solo a few types of people instead of many different ones. Another problem with stereotypes is when it affects a whole group of people, such as the 19th.Century Irish. can then the Irish had a reputation of being heavy drinkers, lazy, unreliable, troublesome, violent, and dishonest people. This meant that more or less of them fitted those stereotypes. For those who didnt, the fact that the stereotype existed didnt make it any easier for them to get betrothal as opposed to say, an Italian, whos stereotype was(still is) hardworking, honest and reliable. The good Ireland er might have fit the Italian stereotype, but as soon as the employee hears Irish they discard them.In light of the recent terrorism attacks in America, many people have become prejudiced towards Muslims, since the terrorist agency is believed to be Muslim. Fortunately, this situation hasnt become too out of hand because political leaders such as President Bush of the USA have made us regard that it wasnt caused by every single Muslim, but only a handful in comparison, and if anyone is to pay for it, it is the terrorists themselves. But what is it that makes us want to label, stereotype, and pre-judge?It is all part of an important process called Generalisation. Just about everyone has this ability to generalise. Generalising is an involuntary process that takes place in our minds. It is related to learning from experience and predicting the future. We can make a generalisation about fire, that it burns and could kill you if you let it. We know this from seeing things like logs or paper burning up, or say, if you put your finger into a flame and it burns your finger. Heat and pain. Now, from your experience with fire, you can say, fires are hot, and they hurt you.So when you see a fire, you know that you shouldnt touch it. Saying that fires are hot is a prejudice, but it isnt racist towards fires or bigotry. If we didnt have the ability to generalise, wed put our finger in the fire every time we see one because wed never learn that fires can kill or hurt you. As you can see here, generalisation is an valuable survival tool. This same principle can apply to people. If you told someone a secret, and they told everyone else, next time you have a secret, you know who not to tell.Racism is when you look at the way a certain culture/race/ethnic group do things differently to how your group might do them. This escalates to superiority, believing that your group is more important and better and more valuable than the other groups, and not accepting that they say, th e your opinion doesnt count syndrome, commonly known as bigotry. The most visible example of bigotry in practice is probably in the days of slavery in the United States, and the apartheid in South Africa. In America, the barren people were discriminated against, forced into slavery, even sold in auctions as slaves.In South Africa, the Afrikaners (white South Africans) passed laws that restricted what black people could do. The apartheid plan was to send the natives back into their part of Africa, even though they had been in South African territory ages before the Afrikaners were even dreamed of. Bigotry is an often cruel practice but the people it affects more often than not find the strength to persevere with the oppressors, and eventually win in the end. In conclusion to all this we realize that making generalisations is important, but it is also abused to become racism, labelling, and bigotry.

Report on E-Commerce Security

TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT 2 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. Features of E-commerce 4 2. 1. Security role in present E-commerce 4 2. 2. Security Factors in E-commerce 5 3. Security Technologies 7 3. 1. Secure electronic Transaction (SET) 7 3. 2. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) 8 3. 3. Firewall 8 4. Conclusion 9 5. References 11 ABSTRACT In the E-commerce certificate measure is most important point because a website is to protect the valuable information. It plays a vital role to provide security to the customer information. It mainly deals when the customer doing the online transactions.By this security support the customer has trusted on the E-commerce website as well as they protects their personal information from the pirates and hackers. This day security has been implemented in a incompatible way like Secure Sockets Layer, Integrity, Authentication, Encryption and Secure Payment. Integrity mark offs of the remainders of entropy as is of the seller to the customer. Encryption deals with hide the information shadowernot spy on the others information. This report describes the security technologies in the E-commerce system and issues involving the E-commerce security technologies. . INTRODUCTION E- Commerce is also cognise as online commerce. E-commerce refers to exchange the goods and service over the internet. It includes retail shopping, banking, stocks and bonds trading, auctions, current estate transactions, air line booking, movie rentals nearly allthing you can imagine in the material world. Even personal services such as hair and nail salons can benefit from e-commerce by providing a website for the sale of related health and violator products, normally available to local customers exclusively.The main aim of this report conveying the security technologies of E-commerce website Security is the authorized conception in E-commerce website the main notion of security is protecting the customer personal details and banking information. Its mostly involve with fo ur basic principles such as Privacy, Integrity, Authentication, Non-repudiation. The E-commerce website should be built on the security engineering and it should be very prepare. Secure Sockets layer provides support for protect pages and encrypts the whole thing a user sends-nobody else can read the data .Strong encryption and authentication certificate makes web site more desexualize and invites more customers. ( Lee, 2001) 2. Features of E-commerce Ubiquity Is the ability to be present in every place at any time, unbounded or universal presence. With help of internet it makes easier and possible for consumer and companies to be in contact with each another. The wish of customers to buy goods and services online can make so much constantly and practically any place. It reduces the cost of transaction, the cost to take part in the market and lower the mental drive required to achieve a transaction.Richness Website richness mainly depends upon the interactivity and interaction it give the useful information on the website about each product and services for searching. It also gives more details about services what they are offering. It will make a contact between the seller and customer. Condition notices are strongly advised by the seller to understand before buying a product. Maintain vast information about products and services makes more sales and creating silver making environment. (David, 2000) Global ReachThe main concept of the global reach is grabbing the attention of users through out the world by providing the different language in the website so that the site can be used in worldwide and it access by every one. Provide online customer services, secure the transaction processing. Site should be very interactive to the customers and giving a good quality information about products and information is understandable. Provide fast and efficacious services lead to competitive global advantage. 2. 1. Security role in present E-commerceSecurity plays a vital role in the present E-commerce it helps to happen secure the customers information and doing the secured online transactions. Every E-commerce website giving server side security and complex on information confidentiality, selective information integrity, Availability, Nonrepudation and third party systems as supplies for facilitating E- fear transactions. Security is very helpful to the E-business. With out security customers never do the online transactions because of hackers. 2. . Security Factors in E-commerce One of the significant success factors of E-commerce is its security, it kept secure the credit card details and extremely sensitive personal information of the customers. E-commerce security depends on a complex interrelationship between different components including the exertion development platforms, database management systems, and system software and network infrastructure. Privacy Privacy makes that entirely certified left edge reach informa tion in any system.Information should not be distributed to the left and that should not be received it. The service off flexibility off integrity only to the approved pack edge make exchanges with documents transmitted over the network Authentication Authentication ensures that the origin off category electronic inwardness is properly identified. Given It has possibilities to who feels the message from where gold which machine. Without appropriate authentication, it very hardware to know which passed year order and the order placed is true gold not. (David, 2000)Non-repudiation its much closed to the authentication, in this sender boat refuses the sending particular messages and receiver boat rejects the receiving messages. Not-repudiation involves the technical like digital signature, conformation services and time stamps. Digital Signature has typical to identify for individual like written signature. Advantages of Security in E-commerce The internet gives the much benefits t o the customer through that the customer can has a chance to trim and do shopping there suitability and their place.They can access the service from office and home as they like it is available 24/7. Protect the covert and reliability of network transactions. Encrypted and secure payment online. Increase the volume of purchases, improve the relationship with customers. With the help of e-commerce can promote products globally. Identify the users and merchants on the network. Look after(prenominal) E-commerce website and enterprise networks from attacks by hackers. Protect the personal information of E-commerce users. 3. Security TechnologiesSecurity is the most important issue for E-commerce it gives security to the website, these security services are provided to ensure basic E-commerce requirements. Security services provide a way for safe, authentic, and reliable communications between two or more parties. Security not only includes that the information stays within the communicating parties but also it can be verified and noted as authentic. Signing of contracts, registration of mail, disclosures, anonymity, and authorization schemes of the real world must be able to be replicated and done in the electronic world. . 1. Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a system for ensuring the security of financial transactions on the Internet. It was supported initially by MasterCard, Visa, Microsoft, Netscape, and others. It is one of the international security standards in E-commerce. SET is a protocol proposed by a number of groups and different companies. Its mainly focus on giving guarantee security for electronic payment. SET including some light upon technologies such as shared key, public key, digital signature, electronic envelop and electronic certificate.After this there is a problem with operating systems and application systems, on these basis hackers improved their attack skills on customer information. Key Security Elements E-commerce using different key security elements such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), E-mail, Electronic fund Transfer and other internet technologies lead to exchange the information of business with individuals, companies and countries. It makes transactions safe and more reliable. Encryption and Data Integrity is one of the key technologies in E-commerce, Encryption is the major security measure adopted in E-commerce.It can make sure confidentiality of information in the transaction process like PIN of credit card 3. 2. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) The SSL protocol was originally developed by Netscape, to ensure security of data transported and routed through HTTP, LDAP or POP3 application layers. SSL is designed to make use of TCP as a communication layer to provide a reliable lengthwise secure and authenticated connection between two points over a network (for example between the service client and the server).Notwithstanding this SSL can be used for p rotection of data in transit in situations related to any network service, it is used mostly in HTTP server and client applications. 3. 3. Firewall A go upwall is a barrier to keep destructive forces away from your property. In fact, thats why its called a firewall. Its job is similar to a physical firewall that keeps a fire from spreading from one area to the next. Firewalls are essential elements in e-commerce security strategy it is used to protect the e-commerce applications and website.Firewalls needed clearly defined security policies must be correctly installed and maintained to afford consistent and efficient security protection. Its mainly addresses the problems such as Denial of service and Distributed denial of service. Firewalls works as a hardware and software, it prevents unauthorized persons access the private networks connected to the internet. 4. Conclusion Finally conclude that the security is very significant when designing year E-trade website. E-trade has incre asingly become the mode off conducting business.The purpose off this resulting paper is to stimulate discussion one the question concerning the security system off E-trade things change magnitude in the paper are not regarded ace conclusive. It hopes that suitable information will be identified for discussion 5. References Chan, H. , Lee, R. , Dillon, T. , Chang, E. (2001). E-commerce Fundamental Application. John Wiley son, West Sussex, England. David, W. (2000). E-commerce Strategy, Technologies and Applications. McGraw Hill, University Press, Cambridge. Elias, M. A. (2000). Electronic Commerce From Vision to Fulfillment (3rd Ed. . Pearson Edition. Security Elements. (2005). Retrieved April 30, 2009, from http//wiki. media-culture. org. au/index. php/E-commerce_-_Overview_-_Security Advantages of Security. (2007). Retrieved April 26, 2008, from http//www. isos. com. my/ecommerce/advantages. htm Secure Socket Layer. (2006). Retrieved April 27, 2009, from http//unpan1. un. org/intr adoc/groups/public/documents. apcity/unpan000364. pdf Secure Electronic Transaction. (1999). Retrieved April 28, 2009, from http//www. aph. gov. au/library/pubs/rp/1998-99/99rp12. htmCRY

Climate Change Proposal Essay

I am musical composition to you beca usance of our environment and how important it is to conserve for our environment especially because it impart help to give a brighter future that is not for just us as human universes but to all musical accompaniment life forms on this planet, it is past time for all of us individuals to stimulate changing our ways of life, to start such things as burning less coal and oil in order to help stiffen and hopefully eventually help to eliminate the human carbon footprint on our planet. Human carbon footprints be ca apply by the releases of carbon dioxide and another gas called methane gas into the earths atmosphere and it causes the earth to warm much faster than it has in past years. These faster rising temperatures of the earth have caused some very severe effects on the temper change and now the climate change is being observed around the world by not just scientist but by all of us. wholly of the sea levels are rising at a fast pace because of how fast the ice glaciers are melting, the arctic sea ice is melting, permafrost and expansion of warmer seawater, that is similarly causing serious threats for all sea creatures and which as well includes the death of the worlds coral reefs.The warmer climate change force out also be held responsible for the extreme droughts that have been happening that causes a higher evaporation rate which so leads to a heavier rainfall in some areas of the world and causes flooding in others as well as it effecting the worlds crops because it causes withering and decline in our pabulum production which then means a food shortage for many if not all communities. What I have noticed from former elections is that the caper with the climate change has fallen through the cracks and this is something that us the really care about. This all happened because of the lack thus data available and the different opinions that scientists have had in the past, but now it has become very rea lise to people that it is very important to change our Carbone footprint on the planet. This is why I am writing you and encouraging you to address this problem in your speech, to make the people aware of the risks greenhouse gases pose to domain health and the welfare of our planet.This is very important for all of these different reasons to help reduce the effects that the climate changes have been doing to our planet. By helping to reduce ourcarbon print on the planet we entrust be able to help secure a sustainable life for future generations to come and this will also help to protect all wild life subjective habitats. By make these changes in our lives and how we do things everyday as well as cutting back in consuming all of our natural resources we potentiometer make a very big difference and help to eliminate the climate change. Doing these types of things we will be helping not to over-strip the supplies we have, we will help to reduce our carbon footprint.How we would do this would be to use cleaner energy sources like wind, solar power, reforestation or starting to plant trees around our theater to help to reduce the temperature inside all of our homes. By reducing our consumption of such things as beef, we can reduce the amount of methane gases emitted by the atmosphere every year. By eating more organic food we will also be helping reduce the amount of toxic chemical fertilizers that are used in farming and is contaminating out natural water resources.It is very apparent that warming is a danger that we need to avoid not matter what it takes to do no matter how much it will cost us financially as well as how what we have to do as individuals to conserve and not just enjoy but respect our environment, and all the living things that share this planet with us. in all of these things are very important to us the people and these are very conceivable options and things people can do to help stop the global warming and help our planet. I hope you t ake my earn and what I had to say into consideration and address it.ReferencesWILEY PLUS Murck, B. W., Skinner, B. J., & Mackenzie, D. (2010). Visualizing geology (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ Wiley. http//water.usgs.gov/, IC-Materials, SCI245R6, ST, False)